Rapid Decompression

Rapid decompression is a sudden, significant loss of cabin pressure in a pressurized aircraft, typically caused by structural failure (window blowout, door seal failure, fuselage breach) or system malfunction. Rapid decompression is a serious emergency requiring immediate crew action.

Effects of rapid decompression include:

• Fog: Sudden condensation of moisture in the cabin air as temperature drops
• Noise: Loud rush of air escaping the cabin
• Debris: Loose items may be propelled toward the breach
• Hypoxia: At typical cruise altitudes (35,000-40,000 feet), the Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC) is only 15-30 seconds without supplemental oxygen

The emergency procedure is highly time-critical:

1. Don oxygen masks (crew masks are quick-donning type that can be put on with one hand)
2. Initiate emergency descent to 10,000 feet or below (where cabin altitude is survivable without supplemental oxygen)
3. Communicate with ATC: declare Mayday, state intentions
4. Divert to the nearest suitable airport